Increase primary energy demand as it would replace hydro or nuclear that have lower primary energy inputs.
Increase total fossil fuel consumption.
Likely to decrease the share of renewable energy sources in the energy mix.
Likely to decrease energy independence by increasing fossil imports.
Likely to improve grid stability and security by providing responsive, dispatchable generating capacity.
Likely to increase global CO2 emissions. (Note that this conclusion is specific to Switzerland; in other countries CCGT plants could reduce CO2 emissions)
Likely reduce the cost of the energy transition.
May reduce total cost of ownership of vehicles.
May worsen balance of payments by increasing fossil imports.
May increase Confederation income from the tax on mineral oil under the current taxation system.
A Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) plant uses two thermodynamic cycles successively to generate electricity with a high overall efficiency. A gas turbine first burns natural gas or heating oil and drives a generator(gas cycle9. Waste heat from the gas turbine is used to generate steam which drives a steam turbine and generates thus additional electricity (steam cycle).
State of the art CCGT plants can reach an overall electrical efficiency of about 50–60%.
• CCGTs are mature, commercial technology that can be deployed comparatively easily.
• A significant shift towards CCGTs would likely, however, necessitate the development of additional natural gas supply transport capacities with neighbour countries.
In Switzerland there are currently three CCGT power plants: Monthey (55 MWe), Pierre-de-Plan (34 MWe) and Cornaux (43 MWe) [1]. These power plants are actually cogeneration plants (heat&electricity generation) because of the existence of a law that fixes a bottom energy efficiency (58.5% for existing plants and 62% for new plants [1]) which cannot be reached unless cogeneration is done. Thus there is no assumption for 2011 as the exisiting plants are part of the centralized cogeneration technologies.
Next tables contain the assumptions that have been introduced in the CCGT energy model of the calculator.
Capacity factor | |
---|---|
2035 | 2050 |
Variable |
Efficiency [%] | ||
---|---|---|
2035 | 2050 | |
Without CCS | 63 [2] | 65 [2] |
With CCS | 57 [2] | 61 [2] |
Emissions | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
2035 | 2050 | |||
Without CCS | With CCS | Without CCS | With CCS | |
CO2-eq. emissions [kgCO2-eq./kWhe] | 0.376 | 0.111 | 0.361 | 0.0934 |
Deposited waste [UBP/kWhe] | 0.684 | 3.88 | 0.645 | 3.33 |
Cost | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
2035 | 2050 | |||
Without CCS | With CCS | Without CCS | With CCS | |
Specific investment [CHF2010/kWe] | 914 | 1'537 | 877 | 1'392 |
MIN Value: 0 GW
MAX Value:
2035 | 10 GW |
---|---|
2050 |
[1] VSE(2012), Centrales à gaz à cycle combiné (CCC)