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What can I choose in the calculator?
The calculator lets you choose the share of total centralised heat demand covered by Centralised Cogeneration in Switzerland in the selected year (2035 or 2050).
Centralised Cogeneration
Contents
- Impact
- Global market
- Definition
- Constraints
- Assumptions
- References
IMPACT – What are the impacts of Centralised Cogeneration?
In Switzerland, increasing the share of Centralised Cogeneration will have the following impacts:
Energy system
Reduces global primary energy demand.
May decrease electricity demand by displacing electric forms of heating with district heating.
May increase total consumption of heating oil and natural gas.
Could increase the share of renewable energy sources in the energy mix if biomass CHP systems are deployed.
Environment & Climate
Likely to reduce global CO2 emissions.
Avoid emissions of harmful pollutants, especially in built areas.
Society & Economy
Likely to increase the cost of the energy transition as it requires deployment of district heating networks and CHP technologies as well as, in principle, building efficiency improvements.
GLOBAL MARKET – What is the global market for Centralised Cogeneration?
There are currently more than 5,000 district heating systems in Europe supplying more than 10% of European heating demand and generating an annual turnover of €25-30 billion. About 80% of the heat in these district heating networks comes from various forms of cogeneration.[4]
DEFINITION / CONSTRAINTS
DEFINITION - What is Centralised Cogeneration?
In a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) plant, the energy from a fuel is used to generate both electricity and heat. Thermodynamically, the heat is recovered from the waste heat of the electricity generation process resulting in a higher overall energy efficiency than can be achieved if the processes are operated separately (CHP plants can capture over 80% of the total energy in the fuel whereas typical advanced thermal power plants only capture about 40-50% of the energy as electricity).
CONSTRAINTS - What are the key barriers facing Centralised Cogeneration deployment?
• Requires district heating infrastructure (network) that can be capital intensive to deploy, particularly as a retrofit.
• Is more effective with high efficiency building stocks that can manage with modest heating water temperatures.
ASSUMPTIONS – What are the assumptions considered in the calculator?
The model contain three types of centralized cogeneration technologies: CCGT-CHP, Biomass CHP, Diesel CHP and Waste incineration CHP (Waste-CHP).
Next tables contain the assumptions that have been introduced in the Centralized cogeneration model of the calculator.
| Efficiency [%] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2035 | 2050 | |||
| Technology | Electricity | Heat | Electricity | Heat |
| CCGT-CHP [1] | 50 | 40 | 52 | 41 |
| Biomass-CHP [2] | 18 | 53 | 19 | 56 |
| Waste-CHP [2] | 20 | 45 | 20 | 45 |
| Emissions | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2011-2050 | ||
| CO2-eq. emissions [kgCO2-eq./MJfuel] | CCGT-CHP | 0.0679 |
| Biomass-CHP | 0.00868 | |
| Waste-CHP | 0.00024 | |
| Deposited waste [UBP/MJfuel] | CCGT-CHP | 0.136 |
| Biomass-CHP | 0.360 | |
| Waste-CHP | 0.02344 | |
| Cost | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | 2035 | 2050 | ||
| Specific investment [CHF2010/kWe] | CCGT-CHP | 1127 | 1046 | 942 |
| Biomass-CHP | 5621 | 5366 | 5366 | |
| Waste-CHP | 7503 | 7037 | 7037 | |
[4] DHC+ 2012, District Heating and Cooling plus, The Vision for District Heating and Cooling.
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c_cogen_more.txt · Last modified: 2023/11/16 15:21 by 127.0.0.1
