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building_efficiency_more [2015/02/11 15:19] – codinabuilding_efficiency_more [2023/11/16 15:21] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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 +            <div class="bloc single bgWhite">
 +                <header>
 +                    <h2>What can I choose in the calculator?</h2>
 +                </header>
 +                <div class="paddedContent">
 +                 The calculator lets you fix a value to the thermal efficiency of new and existing buildings in Switzerland in the selected year (2035 or 2050).
 +                </div>
 +            </div>
 +            <div class="bloc single bgWhite">
 +                <header>
 +                    <h2>Building Efficiency</h2>
 +                </header>
 +                <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Solar_Decathlon_09_aerial_view.jpg/800px-Solar_Decathlon_09_aerial_view.jpg" alt="image"/>
 +                <small> Solar Decathlon 2009</small>
 +            </div>
 +            <div class="bloc single bgWhite">
 +                <header>
 +                    <h2>Contents</h2>
 +                </header>
 +                <div class="paddedContent">
 +                    <ul>
 +                        <li>Impact</li>
 +                        <li>Global market</li>
 +                        <li>Definition</li>
 +                        <li>Constraints</li>
 +                        <li>Value ranges</li>
 +                        <li>References</li>
 +                    </ul>
 +                </div>
 +            </div>
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 +                <header class="lined">
 +                    <h2 class="fl">IMPACT – What is the impact of increasing the Building Efficiency?</h2>
 +                    <div class="clear"></div>
 +                </header>
 +                <div class="paddedContent">
 +                    <div class="bloc triple bgWhite">
 +                        In Switzerland, increasing the thermal efficiency of new and existing buildings will have the following impacts:
 +                        <div class="clear"></div>
 +                    </div>
 +                </div>
 +                <div class="larged">
 +                        <div class="paddedContent">
 +                            <div class="questionAnswer">
 +                                <h4>Energy system</h4>
 +                                <div class="clear"></div>
 +
 +                                <p><img src="lib/exe/fetch.php?media=smiley_face.png" HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="15" BORDER="0" alt="image"/> Reduces final energy demand.</p>
 +                                <p><img src="lib/exe/fetch.php?media=smiley_face.png" HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="15" BORDER="0" alt="image"/> Reduces final energy demand.</p> Reduces total heating oil and natural gas consumption.</p>
 +                                <p><img src="lib/exe/fetch.php?media=smiley_face.png" HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="15" BORDER="0" alt="image"/> Reduces final energy demand.</p> Likely to increase energy independence and energy security by reducing fossil imports.</p>
 +
 +
 +                                <div class="clear"></div>
 +                            </div>
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 +
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 +                        <div class="paddedContent">
 +                            <div class="questionAnswer">
 +                                <h4>Environment & Climate</h4>
 +                                <div class="clear"></div>
 +                                <p><img src="lib/exe/fetch.php?media=smiley_face.png" HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="15" BORDER="0" alt="image"/> Reduces final energy demand.</p> Very likely to reduce global CO2 emissions.</p>
 +                                <p><img src="lib/exe/fetch.php?media=smiley_face.png" HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="15" BORDER="0" alt="image"/> Reduces final energy demand.</p> Reduces emissions of harmful pollutants in built areas.</p>
 +                                <p><img src="lib/exe/fetch.php?media=sad_face.png
 +" HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="15" BORDER="0" alt="image"/> Likely to generate additional deposited waste from building envelope refurbishment.</p>
 +                                <div class="clear"></div>
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 +                                <h4>Society & Economy</h4>
 +                                <div class="clear"></div>
 +                                <p><img src="lib/exe/fetch.php?media=smiley_face.png" HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="15" BORDER="0" alt="image"/> Building efficiency measures for new buildings are often some of the most cost effective options to reduce energy demand.</p>
 +                                <p><img src="lib/exe/fetch.php?media=sad_face.png
 +" HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="15" BORDER="0" alt="image"/> However, the largest energy demand reduction opportunity resides in refurbishments which are typically much less cost effective. </p>
 +                                <p><img src="lib/exe/fetch.php?media=smiley_face.png" HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="15" BORDER="0" alt="image"/> May improve balance of payments by reducing oil and natural gas imports</p>
 +                                <p><img src="lib/exe/fetch.php?media=sad_face.png
 +" HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="15" BORDER="0" alt="image"/> Reduces Confederation income from the tax on mineral oil under the current taxation system.</p>
 +                                <p><img src="lib/exe/fetch.php?media=sad_face.png
 +" HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="15" BORDER="0" alt="image"/> Likely to require behavioural change as well as building refurbishment to be effective.</p>
 +
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 +                    <h2 class="fl">GLOBAL MARKET – What is the global potential for increasing Building Efficiency?</h2>
 +                    <div class="clear"></div>
 +                </header>
 +                <div class="paddedContent">
 +
 +                        Building energy efficiency measures are expected to contribute about 24% of the total global final energy consumption reduction between now and 2035 even though buildings represent about 32% of the total final energy consumption. Furthermore, this is considered to represent only about 20% of the energy demand reduction potential if efficiency measures were applied to the whole building stock.[2]
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 +                    <h2 class="fl">DEFINITION / CONSTRAINTS</h2>
 +                    <div class="clear"></div>
 +                </header>
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 +                            <div class="questionAnswer">
 +                                <h4>DEFINITION - What does the Building Efficiency indicator represent?</h4>
 +                                <div class="clear"></div>
 +
 +                                <p>The indicator covers passive measures that influence the heat demand of new and existing buildings; it does not concern  the technologies supplying the heat. </p>
 +                                <p>Typical measures would include wall, floor and loft insulation, improved window glazing , design measures focused on solar gain, as well as  improved building controls.</p>
 +
 +                                <div class="clear"></div>
 +                            </div>
 +                        </div>
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 +                            <div class="questionAnswer">
 +                                <h4>CONSTRAINTS - What are the key barriers impeding the increase of Building Efficiency?</h4>
 +                                <div class="clear"></div>
 +
 +                                <p>• Improving the energy efficiency of the building stock requires refurbishment of existing buildings which is physically disruptive.</p>
 +<p>• Buildings often suffer from split incentives where the stakeholder responsible for capital investments (owner) is different from the stakeholder in charge of operating expenses (tenant).</p>
 +<p>• Despite potential mid-/long-term  economic returns, private building owners are typically very sensitive to initial capital costs, especially if their period of ownership may not be long enough</p>
 +
 +
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 +    <!-- /END DEFINITION CONSTRAINTS -->
 +
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 +
 +The annual average heating demand for 2035 and 2050 is calculated assuming several parameters. The main assumptions are:
 +  * [[heated_surface|Rate of refurbishment for buildings depending on their age]].
 +  * [[heated_surface|Efficiency performance for new buildings depending on their construction year]].
 +  * [[heated_surface|Efficiency performance for refurbished buildings depending on their refurbishment year]].
 +
 +
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 +                    <h2 class="fl">VALUE RANGE - WHAT RANGE OF VALUES CAN I CHOOSE?</h2>
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 +                </div>
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 +
 +The expected future value ranges for the average [[heated_surface|energy performance]] of the Swiss building stock are:
 +  * 2035 -> 41 - 57 kWh/m<sup>2</sup>
 +  * 2050 -> 21 - 43 kWh/m<sup>2</sup>
 +In 2011 the Swiss building stock consumed an average of 92 kWh/m<sup>2</sup> <sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>.
 +
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 +  <div id="content">
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 +<!-- /REFERENCES -->
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 +                    <h2 class="fl">REFERENCES</h2>
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 +  margin: 20px auto 40px auto;
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 +  font-size: 20px;
 +  line-height: 23px;
 +  color: #797a7f;
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 +  color: #000;
 +}
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 +.pagination ul li.next {
 +  width: 11px;
 +  height: 20px;
 +}
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 +.pagination ul li.next {
 +  border-left: 0;
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 +
 +[1] [[http://www.bfe.admin.ch/php/modules/publikationen/stream.php?extlang=de&name=de_564869151.pdf&endung=Die%20Energieperspektiven%20f%FCr%20die%20Schweiz%20bis%202050|PROGNOS 2012, Die Energieperspektiven für die Schweiz bis 2050, Energienachfrage und Elektrizitätsangebot in der Schweiz 2000–2050.]]
 +
 +[2] IEA 2012, World Energy Outlook 2012, New Policies Scenario. Note that this figure includes all building energy demand and not just heating.
  

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